Renoprotective effect of Captopril on Tacrolimus-induced renotoxicity in mice
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the renoprotective effect of captopril on tacrolimus-induced renal damage in mice.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted at Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, in collaboration with the Research Laboratory of Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, over a period of six months. Twenty-one adult male albino mice were randomly assigned into three groups (n=7). Group 1 received 0.9% normal saline (control), Group 2 received tacrolimus (5 mg/kg/day orally), and Group 3 received tacrolimus (5 mg/kg/day) with captopril (10 mg/kg/day) orally for 21 days. On day 21, all mice were sacrificed after blood collection. Biochemical (serum urea, creatinine), morphological (absolute and relative kidney weights, length, width, and anteroposterior diameters), and histopathological parameters were assessed.
Results: Group 2 (tacrolimus only) demonstrated significant elevations in serum urea (33.85 ± 9.83 mg/dl) and creatinine (0.25 ± 0.05 mmol/l), along with marked histopathological alterations compared to Group 1 and Group 3 (p<0.05). Group 3 (tacrolimus + captopril) showed improvement in biochemical values (urea: 17.94 ± 2.89 mg/dl; creatinine: 0.18 ± 0.03 mmol/l) and attenuation of histopathological changes. Morphological variations included reduced absolute and relative kidney weights and changes in renal dimensions: shorter left kidney length (1.04 ± 0.09 cm vs. 1.14 ± 0.05 cm in controls) and increased right kidney anteroposterior diameter (0.52 ± 0.04 cm vs. 0.44 ± 0.05 cm in controls).
Conclusion: Captopril exhibited a renoprotective effect of more than 50% against tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity, reflected by improved biochemical, morphological, and histological parameters.
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