Peripheral ossifying fibroma: a case series of patients reported at Islamic International Dental College and Hospital, Islamabad between 2013 to 2023
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Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the demographic, clinical, and histopathological characteristics of histologically confirmed Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF) cases diagnosed at Islamic International Dental College and Hospital (IIDC&H) over a 10-year period, with the aim of identifying prevalent patterns and enhancing diagnostic precision and clinical management.
Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study reviewed 20 histologically confirmed cases of POF diagnosed between 2013 and 2023 at the Department of Oral Pathology, IIDC&H Islamabad, Pakistan, after obtaining Ethical approval (Ref no: IIDC/IRC/2023/012/002). Demographic, clinical, and histological data were retrieved from institutional archives. Clinical parameters included age, gender, site, size, symptoms, and lesion characteristics. Histopathological evaluations included type of mineralized material, epithelial ulceration, inflammation, vascularity, and cellularity. Frequencies and percentages were calculated using SPSS version 24.
Results: Of the 20 patients, 55% were female and 65% were aged 15–30 years. The lesions were most frequently located in the anterior maxilla (45%) and anterior mandible (40%), with sizes ranging from <2 cm to 4 cm. The most common clinical presentation was gingival growth (60%). Histologically, 90% showed epithelial ulceration. Bone formation was the most prevalent calcified material (30%), followed by osteoid/cementoid (25%) and dystrophic calcifications (15%). Chronic inflammation (75%) and hypervascular stroma (65%) were common findings. Recurrence was observed in 10% of cases, both in females within one year.
Conclusion: This case-series highlights the diverse clinical and histopathological features of POF, with a female predominance, maxillary predilection, bone formation in 60% of cases, and chronic inflammation in 75%, emphasizing the need for careful diagnosis and management.
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