ETIOLOGY OF MIDLINE DIASTEMA IN PATIENTS PRESENTING TO NISHTAR INSTITUTE OF DENTISTRY, MULTAN

Main Article Content

Zainab Ahmed
Zubair Hassan Awaisi
Zubair Ahmed

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To find the different etiological factors underlying a midline diastema which will help in effective orthodontic correction by enabling the practitioner to adopt the most appropriate mechanics.


METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan, from 01-08-2020 to 01-02-2021. A sample of 165 patients was analyzed according to age, gender, presenting various occlusal traits, and relevant diastema findings to assess the underlying etiology of the maxillary midline diastema. Cases with a midline diastema of >0.5 mm were documented with examination including clinical intra-oral examination and orthopantomograms and upper occlusal radiographs. Examinations were done by the same observer to reduce human error and were cross-checked by a superior to minimize the possibility of error. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.


RESULTS: Dental anomalies (n=113, 68.6%) was the most frequent cause of maxillary midline diastema. Dental anomalies were observed in both females (n=77/112; 68.8%) and males (n=36/53; 67.9%). Common dental anomalies included tooth/arch size discrepancies (n=58, 51.3%), abnormal occlusal patterns (n=37; 32.7%) and missing teeth (n=18 15.9%). Other contributing factors for maxillary midline diastema observed were abnormal maxillary arch structure (n=30; 18%), physical impediments (n=18; 11%), muscular imbalances (n=3; 1.8%) and pernicious habits (n=1; 0.6%). Common causes of physical impediments were fleshy labial frenum 10/18; 55.6%) and supernumerary tooth (n=8/18; 44.4%).


CONCLUSION: Maxillary midline diastema was common in both genders and was associated with multiple etiologies of which dental anomalies, abnormal maxillary arch structure and physical impediments were highly prevalent.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ahmed, Zainab, et al. “ETIOLOGY OF MIDLINE DIASTEMA IN PATIENTS PRESENTING TO NISHTAR INSTITUTE OF DENTISTRY, MULTAN”. KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL, vol. 14, no. 3, Sept. 2022, pp. 169-72, doi:10.35845/kmuj.2022.21987.
Section
Original Articles

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