Examining the root and root trunk's vertical dimensions in extracted permanent maxillary first molar in patients visiting Peshawar Dental Hospital, Peshawar
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the root trunk length (RTL) and root length of extracted maxillary permanent first molars (MPFM) and to analyze their variation in relation to age, gender, and associated clinical characteristics.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Peshawar Dental College and Hospital from March 2021 to February 2022. A total of 135 MPFM with intact roots, cementoenamel junctions, and furcation areas were included, while teeth with anomalies, fractures, resorption, cervical lesions, prior endodontic treatment, or severe dilacerations were excluded. RTL and root length were measured using a digital Vernier caliper (precision 0.01 mm). RTL was recorded from the cervical line to the furcation, and root length from the cervical line to the root apex of the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatal roots. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: Among 135 teeth, 88 (65.2%) were from females and 47 (34.8%) from males. The buccal root trunk (BRT) exhibited the greatest mean length (6.52±2.53 mm), followed by distal and mesial root trunks. The palatal root was the longest (14.31±2.77 mm). Higher mean RTL and RL values were observed in the 41–50-year age group and in males; however, differences across age groups and gender were not statistically significant (p >0.05).
Conclusion: MPFM show considerable variation in root trunk and root lengths, with BRT and palatal root demonstrating the greatest mean lengths. Although higher mean values were observed in males and older age groups, these differences were not statistically significant. These morphometric findings may aid periodontal and endodontic treatment planning.
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