PROPTOSIS IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: AN UNDER RECOGNIZED PRESENTATION OF HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY

Main Article Content

Tanzeela Farah
Sumaira Khalil
Tariq Ghafoor
Muhammad Tahir
Awais Arshad

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of proptosis and associations of proptosis with demographic, clinical and hematological characteristics with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children.


METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2018 to July 2020. Patients of AML between 1-12 years of age who presented with and without orbital granulocytic sarcomas (OGS), selected by non-probability convenience sampling technique were evaluated for proptosis. Patients were classified into different subtypes of AML according to French-American-British (FAB) classification. Cytogenetic studies by karyotyping were done to identify different genetic abnormalities associated with AML. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the overall survival of AML patients.


RESULTS: Out of 230 patients diagnosed with AML, 34 (14.78%) patients presented with proptosis. Mean age of presentation was 6.80±3.69 years, with male-female ratio of 2.1:1. Proptosis was unilateral in 19 (55%) and bilateral in 15 (45%) patients. Ten (29.40 %) patients presented primarily with proptosis while 24 (71%) patients presented with proptosis and systemic features of leukemia. Overall AML-M2 was found in 102 (44.3%) cases and other types were observed in 128 (55.6%) cases. Most common FAB AML subtype associated with proptosis was AML-M2 (n=26; 76%). Median duration of survival in AML patients with OGS was 867 days and as compared to 353 days in AML patients without OGS. 


CONCLUSION: Proptosis is a frequent finding in children with AML. AML-M2 is associated with proptosis in children with AML. Survival in patients with OGS was better than patients without OGS.

Article Details

How to Cite
Farah, Tanzeela, et al. “PROPTOSIS IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: AN UNDER RECOGNIZED PRESENTATION OF HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY”. KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL, vol. 13, no. 4, Dec. 2021, pp. 211-5, doi:10.35845/kmuj.2021.21005.
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Original Articles

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