FREQUENCY AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN ABBOTTABAD CITY OF PAKISTAN
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Abstract
Objectives: to establish the frequency of methicillin resistance among the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates to the commonly prescribed antibiotics in Abbottabad.
METHODS: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted
at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan, from 2007 to 2010.
Clinical samples from pus, urine and other specimens were inoculated
on Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar, and Blood agar and a questionnaire
was used to collect the necessary information about the patient. Staphylococcus aureus was identified by standard microbiological procedures. Disc diffusion test and MIC were used to test the susceptibility of S.aureus isolates according to the guidelines of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2009).
RESULTS: Out of 98 S. Aureus isolates, 24 (24.49%) were recognized
as MRSA. Out of 24 MRSA isolates, 17 (70.83%) & 5 (20.83%) were
isolated from pus and urine respectively. S. aureus was highly sensitive to imipenem but resistant to amoxycillin (100%), and 1st and 3rd generation cephalosporins i.e., ceftazidime (75.51%), cefaclor (65.31%), and cephradine (60.2%). Twenty four (24.49%) S. aureus isolates were found to be MRSA and 74 (75.51%) were methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Among MSSA, 37.84% were found to be multi drug resistant (MDR). All the 24 MRSA were also found to be MDR.
CONCLUSION: Frequency of MRSA is quite common in patients from
Abbottabad and these MRSA are highly resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Due to high resistance of S. aureus to antibiotics, appropriate use of anti-staphylococcal antibiotics is essential.
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