ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN DIAPHYSEAL NUTRIENT FORAMINA OF HUMERUS IN CADAVERS FROM KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

Main Article Content

Abdul Sahib Khan
Zahid Shah
Inayat Qaiser

Abstract

 OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at analyzing diaphyseal nutrient foramina with reference to the variation in number, location, position and direction of nutrient foramina of the dry humerus.

METHODOLOGY: This analytical study was conducted on 75 adult humerus bones of cadavers from Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, collected from anatomy museum of Khyber medical college Peshawar and Khyber medical university institute of medical sciences (KMU-IMS) Kohat. The damaged bones and bones having pathological anomalies were exclud­ed from the study. In each bone, the diaphyseal nutrient foramen was identified for location, position, number and direction. Measurement was taken through the osteometeric board. The data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS version 17.

RESULTS: Out of 75 humerus bones, 68 (90.67%) were having single nutrient foramen and in 74 (98.67%) humerus bones, nutrient foramina were directed distally. Mean distance of the nutrient foramina from the medial epicondyle of the humerus was 9.92±1.93cm in all bones; 10.44±1.92cm on the left sided (n=41) bones and 9.36±1.95cm on the right sided (n=34) bones. Overall, 96% (n=72/75) of nutrient foramina were located on the middle 1/3rd of anteromedial surface, 2.67% (n=2/75) on the posterior surface and 1.33% (n=1/75) on the antero-lateral surface. While 97.5% (n=33/34) of nutrient foramina on right humeri and 95.13% (n=39/41) of nutrient foramina on left humeri were located on antero-medial side.

CONCLUSION: Majority of nutrient foramina of humerus in our set up are single, directed distally and located on the middle 1/3rd of antero­medial surface, reflecting no marked anatomical variation in number, direction and location.

 

Article Details

How to Cite
Khan, A. S., Z. Shah, and I. Qaiser. “ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN DIAPHYSEAL NUTRIENT FORAMINA OF HUMERUS IN CADAVERS FROM KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN”. KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL, vol. 6, no. 1, June 2014, pp. 18-21, https://www.kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/article/view/12303.
Section
Original Articles
Author Biographies

Abdul Sahib Khan

Assist Prof, department of anatomy

KUST institute of Medical sciences, KOHAT KPK PAKISTAN

Zahid Shah

Department of Anatomy, Khyber Medical College,

Peshawar

Inayat Qaiser, Prof & HOD, Anatomy Department Khyber Medical College peshawar

Prof & HOD, Anatomy DepartmentKhyber Medical College peshawar

References

Laing PG. The arterial supply of adult humerus. J Bone Joint Surg 1965; 38: 1105-16.

Mysorekar VR. Diaphysial nutrient fo¬ramina in human long bones. J Anat 1967; 101(4): 813-22.

Richard L. Drake, Wayne Vogl, Adam W.M. Mitchell, Henry Gray’s editors. Gray’s Anatomy. Churchill Livingstone/ Elsevier, 2005; 822-826.

Eminekizilkant Boyan N, Ozsahin ET, Soames R, Oguz O. Location, number and clinical significant of nutrient foramina in human long bones. Annals Anat 2000; 189: 87-95.

Caroll SE. A study of nutrient foramina of the humeral diaphysis. J Bone Joint Surg 1963; 45-3(1); 176-81.

Nagel A. The clinical significance of nutri¬ent artery. Orthop Rev 1993; 22: 557-61.

Joshi H, Doshi B, Malukar O. A study of the nutrient foramina of the humeral diaphysis. Nat J Integrated Res Med 2011; 2(2): 14-7.

Sharma M, Prashar R, Sharma T, Wadhwa A. Morphological Variations of Nutrient Foramina in upper limb long Bones. In¬ternat J Med Dent Sci 2013; 2(2): 177-81.

Anusha P, Naidu MP. A study on the nu¬trient foramina of long bones. J Med Sci Technol 2013, 2(3); 150-7.

Omer N, Fatima T, Omer H, Waseem F, Arshad M. A study of anatomical variation of diaphyseal nutrient foramina of humerus in Pakistan population. J Allama Iqbal Med Coll 2011; 9(1): 18-21.

Coolabaugh CC. Effects of reduce blood supply of the bone. Am J Physiol 1952; 169: 26.

Forriol F, Gomez L, Ginonatti M, Femen¬dez RA. A study of nutrient foramina in human long bone. Surg Radiol Anat 1978; 9: 251-5.

Ukoha UU, Umeasalugo KE, Nzeako HC, Ezejindu DN, Ejimofor OC, Obazie IF. A study of nutrient foramina in long bones of Nigerians. Nat J Med Res 2013; 3(4): 304-8.

Gopalakrishna K, Sreekala MA, Rathna BS. A study on the incidence and direction of nutrient foramina in south Indian humeral diaphysis and their clinical importance. Res Rev J Med Health Sci 2014; 3(S1): 71-6.

Halagatti MS, Rangasubhe P, A study of nutrient foramina in dried adult humeri of south Indian subjects. Nat J Clin Anat 2012; 1(2): 76-80.

Konnedy JC, Wyatt JK. An evaluation of the management of fracture through the middle third of humerus. Canadian J Surg 1957; 1: 26.

Chhatrapti DN, Misra BD. Position of nutrient foramina on the shaft of human long bones. J Anat Soc India 1967; 16: 1-10.