Seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii latent infection in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders

Main Article Content

Aziz Marjan Kahttak
Jafar Khan
Hazir Rahman

Abstract

 OBJECTIVE: To detect Toxoplasma latent infection seropositivity as an­ti-toxoplasma antibodies and its serointensity as anti-toxoplasma gondii IgG (ATG-IgG) levels in target groups with neuropsychiatry diseases.

METHODOLOGY: This prospective cross sectional study was conducted from September 2013 to August 2014. Target subjects were taken from Kohat and Karak districts. Cases were in grouped in A & B per selection criteria with healthy control. Group A included children with mental retardation & group B included adult patients using neuropsychiatric drugs. Latex agglutination and ELISA tests were run on blood samples for ATG-IgG.

RESULTS: Group A included 69 patients and 36 controls with mean age of 8.61±2.09 & 8.42±1.71 years respectively. ATG-IgG were positive in 17/69(24.6%) cases and 5/36(13.9%) controls (p>0.05). Mean value of ELISA (IU/ml) for ATG-IgG was 43.56±12.87 for positive cases and 11.84±8.45 for negative. There was gradual increase in mean value of ELISA for mild, moderate, severe as 17.11, 21.08 and 32.94 respectively.

Group B included 73 patients and 40 controls with mean age of 31.88±11.35 & 31.82± 9.95 years respectively. ATG-IgG were positive in 41/73(56.2%) cases and 7/40 (17.5%) controls (p<0.01). Among cases, 41 while, among controls 7 were positives for ATG-IgG. The mean value of ELISA (IU/ml) was 102.80±89.52 and for negative cases 11.362±7.11. The mean value of ELISA for degree of disease presentation as mild moderate and severe was 37.72, 64.65, and 88.31 respectively.

CONCLUSION: Significant number of patients with psychiatric disorders expressed seropositivity for anti T. plasma antibodies. Antibodies levels increase with severity of psychosis.

KEY WORDS: Latent infection, Toxoplasma gondii, Neuropsychiatric disorders.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kahttak, Aziz Marjan, et al. “Seropositivity of Toxoplasma Gondii Latent Infection in Patients With Neuropsychiatric Disorders”. KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL, vol. 7, no. 1, Mar. 2015, pp. 14-18, https://www.kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/article/view/13982.
Section
Original Articles

References

Ally SH, Idris M. Frequency of antitoxo¬plasma antibodies in patients with ocular pathology. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2004; 16(4): 75-6.

Mahmoud SS, Hasan MS. Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among Schizophrenic patients. Yemeni J Med Sci 2009; 1(3): 1-7.

Flegr J, Striz I. Potential immunomodu¬latory effects of latent toxoplasmosis in humans. BMC Infect Dis 2011; 1: 274-80.

Alipour A, Shojaee S, Mohebali M, Teh¬ranidoost M, Abdi-Masoleh F, Keshavarz H. Toxoplasma Infection in Schizophrenia Patients: A Comparative Study with Con¬trol group. Iran J Parasitol 2011; 6(2): 31-7.

Montoya JG, Liesenfeld O. Toxoplasmosis. Lancet 2004; 363(9425):1965–76.

Fan CK, Lee LW, Liao CW, Huang YC, Lee YL, Chang YT, et al .Toxoplasma gondii infection: relationship between seroprevalence and risk factors among primary school children in the capital areas of Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, West Africa. Parasites Vectors 2012; 5: 141-7.

Hurley RA, Taber KH. Latent Toxoplas¬mosis gondii: Emerging Evidence for Influences on Neuropsychiatric Disorders. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2012; 24(4):376-83.

Petersen E. Toxoplasmosis. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2007, 12(3):214–23

Zhu S, Du Y, Li Q and Dong Z .High risk of psychosis may be associated with Toxo¬plasmosis. Life Sci J 2007; 4(4): 38 – 41.

Dalimi A and Abdoli A. Latent Toxoplas¬mosis and Human. Iran J Parasitol 2012; 7(1): 1-17.

Alvarado-Esquivel C, Estrada-Martínez S, García-López CR, Rojas-Rivera A, Sifuen¬tes-Álvarez A, Liesenfeld O. Seroepide-miology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Tepehuanos in Durango, Mexico. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2012; 12(2):138-42.

Yan C , Liang LJ ,Zhang BB, Lou ZL, Zhang HF, Shen X, et al. Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in nat-urally-infected synanthropic rats (Rattus norvegicus) and mice (Mus musculus) in eastern China. Parasites Vectors 2014;7: 591-5.

Rodrigues JP, Frei F, Navarro IT, Silva LP, Marcelino MY, de Andrade-Junior HF, et al. Seroepidemiological analysis of toxoplas¬mosis in college students. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:1-7.

Lashari MH, Tasawar Z. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in sheep in Southern Pun¬jab, Pakistan. Pak Vet J 2010; 30(2): 91-4.

Yentür Doni N, Simsek Z, Gurses G, Yildiz Zeyrek F, Demir C. Prevalence and associated risk factors of. Toxoplasma gondii in female farmworkers of south¬eastern Turkey. J Infect Dev Ctries 2015; 15;9(1):87-93.

Delair E, Latkany P, Noble AG, Rabiah P, McLeod R and Brézin A. Clinical manifes¬tations of ocular toxoplasmosis. Ocular Immunol and Inflam 2011; 19(2): 91–102.