TY - JOUR AU - Majeed, Sana PY - 2010/01/30 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AMONG HEPATITIS C PATIENTS JF - KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL JA - Khyber Med Univ J VL - 1 IS - 2 SE - Original Articles DO - UR - https://www.kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/article/view/4069 SP - 42-45 AB - <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: black; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">ABSTRACT</span></span></p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><em><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><p align="left"><strong>Objective: </strong></p><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;">To estimate the frequency of depression among hepatitis C positive patients. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><strong>Material and Methods: </strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;">This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, <strong>Hamdard University Hospital and KV site Hospital Karachi from November 1, 2008 to March 15, 2009, on 100 diagnosed </strong><strong>Hepatitis C positive patients above 13 years of age and of both sexes. Depression was assessed using DSM-IV criteria. </strong><strong>Patients were divided into three sub groups, patients with ongoing treatment interferon (IFN)/ribavirin (or both), post</strong><strong>treatment patients and patients with hepatitis C but without any treatment.  </strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><strong>Results: </strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;">Out of 100 patients, (50 males and 50 females), 92% were married, ranging in age from 17 to 75 years with <strong>a mean age of 43 +12.6 years. Regarding treatment, 72% patients were taking treatment (88% on interferon + ribavirin </strong><strong>and 12% on IFN alone), 8% were post treatment while 20% patients did not take any medication. The frequency of </strong><strong>depression among all subgroups was 90% with 6% population being depressed even before diagnosis, 5% after they </strong><strong>got to know that they are HCV positive and 32% after the IFN treatment. Interestingly 47% patients had depression both </strong><strong>before starting IFN and also continuing after IFN therapy. Suicidal ideation was reported by 6%. None of HCV positive </strong><strong>cases were on any antidepressants. Fifteen percent patients had positive family history of HCV. </strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><strong>Conclusion</strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;">This study reflects high frequency of undiagnosed depression in hepatitis C patients, with significant <strong>levels of depression among all patient subgroups. Depression is largely undetected and untreated. </strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-BoldItalic;"><strong>Key words: </strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;">Hepatitis-C, Depression, Psychiatric Disorder, IFN lpha                                                    </span></span></span></em><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #00aff0; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Roman;"><strong><p align="left"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; color: #231f20; font-family: Swiss721BT-Italic;"><strong><span style="color: #00aff0;">This article may be cited as: </span></strong></span></span></span>Majeed S, Memon A, Abdi MA. Frequency of Depression Among Hepatitis C Patients. KUST Med J 2009;1(2): 42-45.</p></strong></span></span></span></span></span></span> ER -